9th Symposium on Finance, Banking, and Insurance
Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Germany, December 11 - 13, 2002

Abstract


 


 


A Comparison of Analytical VaR Methodologies for Portfolios that Include Options

 
 

Stefan Pichler and Karl Selitsch

   
 

Department of Finance
Vienna University of Technology
Floragasse 7/4, A-1040 Wien
email: spichler@pop.tuwien.ac.at



 
 

It is the main objective of this paper to compare different approaches to analytically calculate value-at-risk (VaR) for portfolios that include options. We focus on approaches that are based on a second order Taylor-series approximation of the nonlinear option pricing relationship. The main difficulty common to all these methods is the estimation of the required quantile of the profit and loss distribution, since there exists no analytical representation of this distribution. In our analysis we examine different moment matching approaches and methods to directly approximate the required quantile. For this purpose, we perform a backtesting procedure based on randomly generated risk factor returns which are multivariate normal. The VaR-numbers calculated by a specific methodology are then compared to the simulated actual losses. We conclude that the accuracy of methodologies that rely only on the first four moments of the profit and loss distribution is rather poor. The inclusion of higher moments, e.g. through a Cornish-Fisher expansion seems to be appropriate.